Classification of Matter:

Matter:

Basically matter is defined as anything which occupy space. All things that around us are all examples of matter.It has three states in chemistry.

Substance:

Substance is also a matter with certain physical properties and the examples of pure substances include tin, sulfur, diamond, water, pure sugar (sucrose), table salt (NaCl: Sodium Chloride) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate). Crystals, in general, are pure substances. Tin, sulfur, and diamond.

Mixture:

When one substance mix to another substance it makes a mixture. For example, air is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, noble gases and water vapors. Soil is a mixture of sand, clay, mineral salts, water and air. Milk is a mixture of water, sugar, fat, proteins, mineral salts and vitamins. Brass is a mixture of copper and zinc metals etc. Mixture are two types Homogenous and heterogeneous mixtures

Homogeneous mixtures:

that have constant composition throughout are called e.g. air, gasoline, ice cream. Whereas, 

Heterogeneous mixtures:

are those in which composition is not constant throughout e.g. soil, rock and wood.

Element:

Element is a substance made up of same type of atoms that having same atomic number and cannot be decomposed into simple substances by ordinary chemical means. Element are represented by symbols for example Na is a symbol of sodium, Ca is symbol of Calcium, Mg is a symbol of magnesium, H is hydrogen etc. Naturally occurring elements are 92 and now 118 elements has been discovered.

Compound

Compound is a substance that formed by the combination of two or more elements in a fixed mass ratio. In this combination original element loses their identity and make a new substance. For example, water is a compound formed by a chemical combination between hydrogen and oxygen in a fixed ratio of 1:8 by mass.

Solution:

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes that is dissolved in a solvent. For example, when we dissolve sugar in a water it makes a fine solution. In this mixture solute is a solid and solvent in a liquid.

 Diagram, displayed below, shows the classification of matter. 

 



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